The Image Shadow plugin for WordPress works pretty well. Unfortunately, it only adds shadows to JPEG images. PNG images can be added very easily, but they will be converted to JPEG format in the image cache. This isn’t optimal for things like screenshots, but the images still look good enough for my needs.
Edit wp-content/plugins/image-shadow/image-shadow.php. Find this line:
if (!preg_match('/\.(jpeg|jpg|jpe)$/i', $src)) return $src;
Add |png to the match expression:
if (!preg_match('/\.(jpeg|jpg|jpe|png)$/i', $src)) return $src;